The controls are typical Pac-Man – a start button and a Sanwa joystick for your cardinal directions. Graphically the game is on par with Pac-Man Championship Edition, except that some of the object seem to be drawn in a slightly lower resolution. As mentioned, it does track statistics for player in how they do no matter how many players are involved. A score would probably help best with single player but once you get that this is an arena combat kind of game, the idea of a score becomes less important. The single player is the weakest point of the game and honestly its better to either wait for some more players or grab your friends to play.Īnother part of the classic formula that can throw people off is the lack of a score. One player is possible but its against a fairly dumb CPU opponent. At the end of the pre-set rounds (determined by the operator – it can be anywhere between 3-9 rounds), the game announces the achievements of each player – from who won the most rounds which is the game champion or for the losers who ate the most items, most ghosts, most Pac-Men or the total number of Pac-Dots they ate. Between rounds players can tap the Start button to “splatter” their opponents with paint., something that kids really enjoy doing, more-so than the actual game sometimes. The game handles up to four players and for the best experience I have found that you want four competent players at a time for an entertaining experience. Get it right and you can kill them by bumping them into a ghost. As there are still ghosts to be found on the board players can use them as a part of their strategy – run into another non-powered up Pac-Man and you bump yourself and your opponent backwards. If you don’t grab a pill there is another way to take out your opponent(s). There is always one less power pill than the total number of players and the effects of becoming a Super Pac-Man to eat your opponents doesn’t last terribly long so you need to be quick about it when you eat one. Eating the pills will cause fruit to appear and eating one of those will reset the pattern of the pills (including power pills). One there is one player left standing, they win the round and move onto the next. Pac-Man Battle Royale is based upon Pac-Man Championship Edition which was released for home consoles like the Xbox 360 and Playstation 3 but it breaks away from that formula to a degree as the pill eating becomes secondary to the primary objective of eating any other Pac-Man on the board. Clean out the board to advance to the next. Most are already familiar with the typical Pac-Man formula – navigate a maze to eat all of the dots, avoid the ghosts unless you get a Power Pill where you can then eat them. The table or cocktail version as first offered was a neat break from the standard racer/light-gun fare and has the advantage of using the Pac-Man character. The latest arcade entry of Pac-Man to the market can as quite a surprise, designed as a way to celebrate 30 years of Pac-Man in the arcades. Originally Namco stated that they hoped to have the game ready for release in September 2010 but it was then delayed until January 2011. The game is simple, competitive, and highly addictive.” At the end of the game, statistics are displayed for each players such as “Won Most Rounds” and “Ate Most Pac-Man”, etc. Eating a piece of fruit or all of the pellets resets the maze with a fresh new set of power pellets. Players can also be eliminated by running into ghosts if there aren’t any powered up players. Players of the same size simply bounce off each other. Once powered up, they are now able to eat non powered-up blue players and ghosts. When players eat a power pellet, they power-up by doubling in size and increasing in speed. The original Pac-Man game concept has been given a carnivorous twist: Eliminate your opponents by eating them and the last Pac-Man standing wins the round. SYNOPSIS: From Namco America’s website: “Pac-Man Battle Royale is the first four player competitive Pac-Man arcade game. RATING: Green Label – Suitable for All Ages HARDWARE: “System 157”, custom board with specs unknown (also used in Namco’s Pac-Man’s Arcade Party) DEVELOPER: Bandai Namco (Visit Namco America’s website)
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We consider Krita on ChromeOS as ready for production. Note: if you use macOS Sierra or High Sierra, please check this video to learn how to enable starting developer-signed binaries, instead of just Apple Store binaries. (If, for some reason, Firefox thinks it needs to load this as text: to download, right-click on the link.) macOS The separate gmic-qt appimage is no longer needed. (Unpack in the Krita installation folder) Portable 64 bits Windows: krita-圆4-5.1.4.zip.64 bits Windows Installer: krita-圆4-5.1.4-setup.exe.Note that we are not making 32 bits Windows builds anymore. For reporting crashes, also get the debug symbols folder. This will not impact an installed version of Krita, though it will share your settings and custom resources with your regular installed version of Krita. If you’re using the portable zip files, just open the zip file in Explorer and drag the folder somewhere convenient, then double-click on the krita icon in the folder. Animation: Improve the autokey functionality.Python: make it possible to use Python 3.11 (BUG:461598).Python: fix updating the filename when using Document::saveAs.Python: fix creating a new image from Python.PSD: allow zero-sized resource blocks (BUG:461493, 450983).AVIF: add the image/avif mimetype to the desktop file so external applications can know Krita can open these files.EXR: Implement consistent GRAY and XYZ exporting (BUG:462799).TIFF: Implement detection of the resolution’s unit.TIFF: Fix handling multipage files (BUG:461975).TIFF: Fix inconsistent alpha and Photoshop-style layered tiff export checkboxes (BUG:462925).Android: remove the detach canvas action (Android does not do windows).Android: make TIFF import and export work.Android: disable workspaces that create multiple windows (Android does not do windows).Android: disable New Window (Android does not do windows).Android: Disable the touch docker (some buttons are completely broken, and we’re rewriting Krita’s touch functionality). Android: Disable changing the resource location.Fix data loss when a transform tool is applied too quickly.Fix visibility of the measure and gradient tools on a dark background.Fix wraparound mode for non-pixel brush engines (BUG:460299).Fix some display artifacts when using fractional display scaling.Remove two obsolete actions from the action list in settings->configure Krita->shortcuts.Fix handling ICC color primaries and white point detections.Parse transfer characteristics from ICC profiles.Layer Styles: label the Outer Glow page as Outer, not Inner Glow.Fix a crash when using “Paste into Active Layer” ( BUG:462223).Vector shapes not swapping the current fg/bg color ( BUG:461692).Next will be 5.2 with a ton of changes! Fixes This probably will be the last 5.1 bugfix release, since we’re updating our dependencies and builds after this. We’re releasing today a new bugfix release. A chaperone will be present for the examination and we suggest you wear comfortable clothing to make this easier for you at the time of consultation. Please be aware you may need to undress for a physical examination by Dr Guy Watts. Please arrive slightly early for your in-person consultation, this will allow for any paperwork or information we may need to collect from you prior to your consultation with Dr Guy Watts.ĭr Guy Watts encourages you to bring a friend or relative to help consider the information and discuss your options surrounding the plastic surgery procedures you are interested in. How to Get the Most from Your Plastic Surgery Consultation Please obtain a referral from your GP or Specialist if you want a plastic surgery consultation for an MBS item number surgery. Please note that your Medicare Rebates for medical consults will NOT be claimable without a valid recent Medical Referral. We ask all patients, medical and cosmetic, to obtain a GP referral prior to their consultation that includes a detailed medical history, any medications they may be on, and their current BMI. Please read our website to learn more about your intended procedureĭo you need a Medical Referral to see Dr Guy Watts?Ī medical referral is helpful but NOT essential for purely cosmetic consultations. Next Steps on Your Plastic Surgery Journey Before proceeding, you should seek a second opinion from an appropriately qualified health practitioner. Want further proof of the risks you could run if you either don’t go to a certified plastic surgeon or aren’t careful about what you ask for? Check out these 13 examples of plastic surgery gone wrong:ġ.Any surgical or invasive procedure carries risks. The doctor shouldn’t be determining everything that’s right for you, says Cassileth, and “when you meet that person, you should not proceed unless you feel comfortable with them.” When you go in for your appointment, make sure you are incredibly clear with your surgeon about what you want and that he or she is sparklingly clear with you about what will go down during surgery. RELATED: Temporary Boob Jobs Now Exist-Here’s What You Need to Know You’ll also want to find a physician who specializes in the area of plastic surgery you want, who can show you before-and-after photos that look like you, and who has positive reviews on Yelp and RealSelf, says Lisa Cassileth, M.D., clinical chief of the division of plastic surgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and an assistant clinical professor at UCLA. “Yes, they’re physicians, but they haven’t had the long-term training as a plastic surgeon specific for those needs or those techniques or procedures.” “We’ve heard of ob-gyn doctors doing tummy tucks or breast augmentations we’ve heard of ER doctors doing liposuctions,” says Raffi Hovsepian, M.D., an assistant clinical professor in the division of plastic and reconstructive surgery at the University of California-Irvine School of Medicine and co-director of the Newport Beach Aesthetic Surgery Fellow and Resident Training Program at the Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery Institute. Play icon The triangle icon that indicates to playįirst off, make sure your plastic surgeon is certified-and this is important-by the American Board of Plastic Surgery. This time, it played ironically over the downfall of the LA Lakers. The video plays over the 80s song, “One Shining Moment”, which has become associated with NCAA basketball’s March Madness tournament (which ended just a day earlier) and is typically played as the winning team remove the nets and a montage of the tournament plays. The viral video shows the Lakers team at the beginning of the season, excited and ready with their new team together, taking photos and celebrating. In the end, though, they couldn’t push hard enough when it mattered late in the season. They did still have a chance to make it into the play-in tournament, as LeBron carried the team when he was healthy. NBA Championship winners for 2022 GOLDEN STATE WARRIORS 1 0 r/warriors Join 9 mo. And all the Lakers had to do was get in the playoffs, or at the very least, get into the play in tournament. Head coach Frank Vogel ended up taking him out of the final minutes of the games. As the Los Angeles Lakers took on the Toronto Raptors on Friday, many expected that the Lakers’ road losing streak would continue. Westbrook struggled to find his place with the team and had his lowest average points since the 2009 season and a huge drop in rebounds and assists per game. 68 Likes, TikTok video from SMSPORTSS (smsportss): 'Lamont Butler got his one-shining moment lamontbutler fyp foryou sports smsportss. NBA Stop laughing at the Lakers for two seconds and give the Phoenix Suns a standing ovation Injuries, shortened offseason, investigations: nothing could stop the Suns in 2021-22 By Stephen Knox. That didn’t quite go as they expected either, though. They began the season making moves, one of which was the Russell Westbrook trade from the Washington Wizards. to 31-48 on the year, putting them three games back of the San Antonio Spurs for the 10-seed in the Western Conference. Injuries and illnesses surely played a part in the Lakers’ losing season, as the anticipated duo of LeBron James and Anthony Davis only actually played together once during the seven-game slump, which is indicative of the entire season. A major domino fell in the race for the play-in on Tuesday night, as the Los Angeles Lakers were officially eliminated from postseason contention thanks to a 121-110 loss to the Phoenix Suns. They went from a team which looked to having high hopes at making it to the championship to not even making it to the play-in tournament. The Lakers season was a bit confusing because of just how bad it really was. Earlier in the week, new Lakers head coach Darvin Ham Myles Turner injury update: Big man out at least one week after. Their seventh straight loss against the Phoenix Suns finally put the Lakers out of their misery. They were, however, able to win a title in Orlando during the COVID shortened season in 2020, but nobody really counts that.The Los Angeles Lakers season was a downward-spiraling disaster that finally ended on Tuesday night. With the elimination, the Lakers have now missed the playoffs in seven of the last nine seasons, including two of James’ four seasons in Los Angeles. With just two games left to play, and a three-game deficit, the Lakers face a statistical impossibility of climbing into the West’s top 10. 500, and three games out of the 10th seed needed to qualify for the Western Conference play-in tournament. The Lakers currently sit at 31-48 on the season, a remarkable 17 games below. The Lakers “One Shining Moment” video rapidly devolves into a compilation of badly missed shots, terrible turnovers, and memorable mishaps from throughout the season. Jordan meanwhile was waived midway through the season before signing with the playoff-bound Philadelphia 76ers. We may earn a commission from links on this page. The opening shot shows LeBron James, Anthony Davis, and newcomer Russell Westbrook preparing for a photo shoot before Dwight Howard flexes for the camera.ĭeAndre Jordan is in the next scene photobombing a shoot with Davis and Howard, who would later be shown getting into a physical interaction on the Lakers bench. So enjoy the Lakers’ One Shining Moment social media videos and their Gone Fishin’ video on Thursday night. Continued abuse of our services will cause your IP address to be blocked indefinitely. Please fill out the CAPTCHA below and then click the button to indicate that you agree to these terms. If you wish to be unblocked, you must agree that you will take immediate steps to rectify this issue. If you do not understand what is causing this behavior, please contact us here. 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This triggers our anti-spambot measures, which are designed to stop automated systems from flooding the site with traffic. Read the rest of the article to find out what makes chocolate chip cookies so addictive. Made by Gearbox Software and originally released in 2001 as an add-on to Half-Life, Blue Shift is a return to the Black Mesa Research Facility in which you. Some unofficial phone apps appear to be using GameFAQs as a back-end, but they do not behave like a real web browser does.Using GameFAQs regularly with these browsers can cause temporary and even permanent IP blocks due to these additional requests. If you are using the Brave browser, or have installed the Ghostery add-on, these programs send extra traffic to our servers for every page on the site that you browse, then send that data back to a third party, essentially spying on your browsing habits.We strongly recommend you stop using this browser until this problem is corrected. The latest version of the Opera browser sends multiple invalid requests to our servers for every page you visit.The most common causes of this issue are: We should be able get you fairly close to where survey team had set up, but I fear the likelihood of running into alien creatures is very high.Your IP address has been temporarily blocked due to a large number of HTTP requests. I'm afraid you're the only one that can do this, seeing as how everyone else will be needed to run the equipment. In order any of us to get out of here alive, someone will need go to the borderworld, and activate the device. We later discovered other methods of aiming the field, but all the equipment in this lab uses the older technology. We lost contact with the survey group shortly after the device was in place. This device could then be used as a focal point and relay to aid in the teleportation. Some of the more promising research on the matter led to a device that could be attached to the strange crystalline structures we found in this borderworld. We discovered a strange borderworld that was somehow involved in the process, and this kept us from accurately predicting where any given teleportation event would lead to back on Earth. Calhoun, teleportation isn't as simple as going from point A to point B. Once we were able to consistently create the teleporter field, we ran into new problems. Interestingly, all of their first person models except for the Tau Cannon have Barney's hands on them instead of Gordon's. The main character, Barney Calhoun, moves rail system, which runs through the buildings of a. Unused Weapons Gluon Gun, Tau Cannon, Crossbow, Laser Trip MineĪll of the models for the Crossbow, Tau Cannon, Gluon Gun, and Laser Trip Mine exist in the game's files. Blue Shift begins in a manner similar to the original Half-Life. This also includes content that was unused in the original game, such as the cut enemies. 4.2 Captivation Digital Laboratories LogoĪll of the art, code, and sounds from the original game is in Blue Shift, most of it unused.2.1 Gluon Gun, Tau Cannon, Crossbow, Laser Trip Mine. PS Now offers so many games from multiple eras of PlayStation’s history and gives players the option to stream or download games. But for everyone else - and that’s a vast majority - PS Now is a great way to play. Likewise, those who already rigorously keep up with new releases month after month may discover even a library this big isn’t hiding many gems you didn’t already find. Anyone who plays very few games, like those that just spend time with some sports titles or maybe the annual shooter of their choice don’t need to subscribe to a library of hundreds of games. PlayStation Now doesn’t make sense for those playing on the poles of the gaming community. With all that out of the way comes the most important question at all: Is it worth it? The answer: Yes. But if you don't want to pay to pick up a copy on PC, many of these games are among the PS Now library. Some of the biggest PlayStation exclusives have made their way to PC in recent months, with the likes the God of War getting an official PC port. That means if you’re playing PS Now games on PC, you’re guaranteed to be streaming them. Any Windows PC works with PS Now, though there is the slight catch that it doesn’t allow for any downloading. If you’re playing on a Windows PC, however, you’re in luck. PlayStation Now is not currently available on Mac. The short answer for Mac users is, sadly, no. Just make sure to find your way to the cancellation page should you not be impressed with the trendy tech. If you find streaming games from the cloud to your console to be a dubious prospect, it doesn’t hurt to try it for a few days. For those who prefer to buy in bulk, you can prepay for a year’s subscription for $59.99 / £49.99, which is obviously a great deal cheaper over time for those who know they’ll be playing that long anyway. The three-month package sells for $24.99 / £22.99. You can also buy access for three months and save a bit. Today PlayStation Now is $9.99 / £8.99 per month and that includes a week’s free trial for new subscribers. Thankfully, in an effort to remain competitive in an increasingly streamable gaming world, Sony slashed the price in half permanently. At $19.99 / £19.99 per month, it was a hard sell for the already somewhat streaming skeptical gaming community. Not every month is an exciting one, but when the good games do drop, they tend to make up for the subscription cost.It wasn’t that long ago that PS Now’s monthly subscription fee was the highest in the industry. Past examples of this include games like "Resident Evil 7 biohazard," "Star Wars: Squadrons," "Hitman 2," "Final Fantasy 7," and others. Some months (like the January 2022 batch) have lackluster lineups, but other months bring surprises, including well-rated and high-quality titles. That's not a terrible deal, depending on how often you play a variety of games versus focusing only on a few. Sony attempts to make this soft requirement a little more bearable by offering free games to PS Plus subscribers every month these titles are available to the customer as long as they remain a subscriber. If you own a PlayStation console but primarily play games that have free online multiplayer or single-player campaigns, you can get away with not signing up.įor everyone else, though, you're going to need to pay for a PS Plus subscription to get the most use out of your console and games. Some popular titles like "Fortnite" don't require you to have a PS Plus subscription to play online, but other hits like "Minecraft" do. For example, Recoll can index the content of word documents in a zip file in Thunderbird – awesome stuff. It is capable of finding documents based on their file names, content, attachment, etc. Recoll is an open-source full-text search system created for Unix/Linux users to make a full-text search using a GUI. It is available to install as a stand-alone app launcher provided you install the dependencies listed on its website where you will also find an inexhaustive list of what you can use it for and that includes opening apps, making calculations, accessing bookmarks, opening web pages, etc. Krunner is the open-source launcher ( Alt + F2 or Alt + SPACE) built into the popular Plasma desktop environment with the ability to have its functions extended using plugins referred to as “ runners”. Catfish, among other tools, is a Linux productivity tool worth your time. You can use it to search for hidden files and work with it via the terminal. AngrySearch File Search Tools 6. CatfishĬatfish is a speedy search tool especially because it takes advantage of the presence of files already in your machine to handle your search queries. You should definitely check ANGRYsearch out. It also features 3 search modes with different search results properties – slow, fast, and regex and 2 use modes – Lite and Full. Just like FSearch, it offers quick file indexing, RegEx support, a clean UI, and support for all Linux distros. ANGRYsearchĪNGRYsearch is a performance-focused file searching tool that instantly populates its search result fields as you type. You should definitely check ULauncher out. It also features integration with Google and Wikipedia so you can perform online searches directly from your desktop. You can use it to instantly search for apps, settings, and files, and you can perform searches by using location paths as a filter. Ulauncher is a smart app launcher that you can also use to efficiently search for any files and settings on your system. FSearchįsearch is an advanced searching tool for Unix and all Unix-like platforms with a plethora of features including the ability to filter file and folder search results, use wildcards, Regular Expressions, and work with keyboard shortcuts.įSearch is popular for its speed, which coupled with a nice UI, is bound to provide you with an enjoyable use. Synapse Application Launcher for Ubuntu 3. Its abilities can also be extended using plugins and it can be summoned universally by pressing Ctrl+Space. It is powered by the Zeitgeist engine which enables users to search for anything logged by the Zeitgeist.Īpart from just searching for desktop files, you can use it to search for documentation, find word definitions, play music files in Banshee, and comes out of the box with 4 themes to choose from. Synapse is a smart launcher with extensive searching capabilities. Cerebro – Desktop Filesystem Search App 2. CerebroĬerebro is a cross-platform, system-wide search tool for any Linux distro that enables users to quickly search for and navigate to any file anywhere in their system.Ĭerebro features a modern minimalist UI with plugin support and the ability to display accurate previews of the files in the search results. Today, we bring you a compiled list of the 8 most awesome so that you don’t have to do all that work yourself any longer. Over the years we have covered some of the best file searching tools for the Linux desktop and till date, the titles that we covered remain the most sought out for by users. Thus while more than 250,000 new sellers joined this year already, less than 4,000 joined the Walmart marketplace. Compared to other marketplaces in the US it vets sellers before approving them to be on the platform. And yet it is a relatively small marketplace, only recently surpassing 20,000 sellers. The marketplace then has been instrumental in growing Walmart’s online assortment. The company focuses on the top million SKUs leaving the rest to the marketplace and category acquisitions. But as marketplace grows Walmart will eventually catch up in covering the long-tail. Among departments Jewelry and Clothing stand out as those which without the marketplace would be tiny - just 1.5% of over 4 million Jewelry products are sold by Walmart itself.Īmazon has more products in the Books department than Walmart sells in total. These departments account for more than half of all items available - 28 million products total are listed in one of them. Home, Books, Jewelry, and Electronics are four largest departments. In three years Walmart expanded online catalog by two million new items, but it is the marketplace which is driving most of the catalog growth. For most of 2017 it was hovering above 10%, and was as much as 25% in 2016. First-party items listed by Walmart are down to 8% of all items sold on. The marketplace is responsible for 92% of the full catalog. Only 3.5 million products are sold by Walmart. The catalog consists of products listed for sale by Walmart itself (also known as first-party items) and the marketplace of third-party sellers. A year ago it was less than 30 million and in 2016 it barely surpassed 12 million. Walmart online assortment has over 43 million products. Our research looked at four key metrics: catalog size, top departments, marketplace size, and free two-day shipping. On top of that there are also sales from the marketplace, but it is not clear how much GMV the marketplace contributes. The company expects to finish 2018 with $16 billion in US e-commerce sales. For example, Walmart is effortlessly the top online grocer in the country. Since then the company has went on an acquisition spree - from brands like Moosejaw and Bonobos to the largest online retailer in India Flipkart - redesigned the website and found categories online it can win. There is nothing of noteworthy before 2016. Jet.com founder Marc Lore then became the CEO of Walmart’s US e-commerce operations and has since been driving Walmart’s digital revolution. But it took sixteen years - until Jet.com was acquired in August 2016 - for Walmart to get serious about selling online. Of course, once youve powered up to use Trinity Burn, you also have enough Energy for the trioâs Sky Legends- GX attack, which hits three of your opponentâs Pokémon for 110 damage and then shuffles the TAG TEAM into your deck, preventing your opponent from getting a 3-Prize Knock Out.Īlso Check: How To Catch Mew In Pokemon Fire Red Pokmon Tcg: Hidden Fates Elite Trainer BoxĪ wild set loaded with all-time favorites, the Pokémon TCG: HiddenFates expansion is a collector’s dream and a player’s paradise! The PokémonTCG: Hidden Fates Elite Trainer Box contains everything you need to getstarted collecting this unique new expansion. After doing this, you just need a Fire Energy and one other Energy of any type to begin using the trioâs Trinity Burn attack, which hits for an impressive 210 damage. You can then use Dragoniteâs Hurricane Charge Ability to help attach Water and Lightning Energy to the TAG TEAM trio. To assist Moltres & Zapdos & Articuno- GX, youâll want to get Dragonite out as soon as possible. Viridian Forest and Energy Spinner both let you search your deck for any type of basic Energy, so they will prove invaluable to get the proper Energy into your hand. The first thing to keep in mind is that Moltres & Zapdos & Articuno- GXs attacks require three different types of Energy to use. Once you get it there, though, this card can do some major damage to your opponentâs Pokémon. Moltres & Zapdos & Articuno- GX is a powerful card, but it requires a bit of effort to power it up to its full potential. The Pokémon TCG: Hidden Fates expansion features the first TAG TEAM trio, and this deck is designed to take advantage of the power of that card. 10x *HIDDEN FATES* Pokemon Elite Trainer Box Opening 14, 24, 40 Although the hulls are used as bedding for pet rodents and in laboratory animal facilities in India (where they are called paddy husk), few published articles characterize this product. 14 Despite some industrial uses as biofuel and livestock litter, rice hulls are a relatively low-value side product of the rice industry. Rice hulls are the outer husk of rice that is removed during processing and comprise 20% of the weight of the rice crop. 21 In addition, the mycotoxin zearalenone has been found in commercial corncob and leads to delayed vaginal opening in mice. 22, 39 Corncob contains tetrahydrofurandiols, linoleic acid derivatives with estrogenic properties, which disrupt mating behavior in rats 26 and confound some neuroendocrine studies. 34 However, neither mice nor rats prefer corncob over aspen, 20 and corncob influences outcomes in certain types of research. Corncob bedding is economical and facilitates low intracage ammonia. Several types of mouse bedding are commercially available. Their relatively poor moisture control is a major disadvantage that might preclude their widespread use. This study provides information on the merits of rice hulls as laboratory mouse bedding. The expression of Cyp1a2 was 1.7 times higher in the livers of mice housed on rice hulls than on pine shavings, but other differences were not statistically significant. The relative expression of 3 cytochrome p450 genes was compared among mice housed on rice hulls, corncob, reclaimed wood pulp, or pine shavings. However, ammonia was negligible when cages contained 5 young adult female mice. The results of the absorbency tests coupled with the results of preliminary monitoring of intracage ammonia raised concern about the ability of rice hulls to control ammonia levels sufficiently in cages with high occupancy. Rice hulls had higher odds than did corncob or reclaimed wood pulp of having moisture present at the bedding surface. On a per-volume basis, rice hulls were less absorbent than was corncob bedding. In this pilot study, we compared various aspects of bedding performance of rice hulls and other materials. Rice hulls are an economical material that has not been well characterized as a bedding substrate. Corncob is economical and facilitates low intracage ammonia but has undesirable influences on some endocrine studies. Factors that are considered when selecting laboratory mouse bedding include animal health and comfort, cost, effects on personnel, and bioactive properties. |
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